How Can Turbocharged Models Be Stronger and More Stable?
1. The reason why a turbocharged engine needs a car intercooler
The main function of the car intercooler is to reduce the air temperature that enters the engine. But why reduce the intake air temperature? This is because the turbocharger is mainly composed of a turbo chamber and a supercharger. The intake port of the turbo chamber is connected to the exhaust manifold of the engine while the exhaust port is connected to the head section of the exhaust pipe. The inter air port of the supercharger on the other side is connected to the air filter pipe, while the air outlet is connected to the intake manifold of the engine. The turbine located in the turbine chamber and the impeller located in the supercharger are coaxially rigidly connected by the rotor. By using the inertia of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine to push the turbine in the turbine chamber, the turbine can drive the coaxial impeller, which can compress the air that is sucked from the air filter pipe. After supercharging, perform combustion work by pressing the air into the cylinder through the intake manifold.
Therefore, it can be seen from the basic structure of the turbocharger that the biggest problem is that the distance between the intake part of the turbocharger and the high-temperature exhaust gas is very close. What's more, the temperature of the air will also increase after being compressed, and the high temperature will greatly reduce the oxygen content in the air. And the performance of combustion work of the engine needs to be completed by combining the oxygen in the air with the fuel, so the oxygen content in the air has a significant impact on the power. Some data show that under the same air-fuel ratio, the engine power can increase by 3% to 5% for every 10 ℃ drop in the temperature of the supercharged air.
The high temperature of the intake air will reduce the oxygen content and thus affect the power output. As a result, it will increase the fuel consumption, resulting in a higher engine operating temperature. When the outside temperature is high and the engine operates under high load for a long time, it is easy to increase the probability of engine failure such as increasing the probability of knocking, and increasing the content of the exhaust gas. Controlling the intake air temperature, using a higher boost value, or increasing the engine compression ratio are better for the adaptability to high altitudes and different oil products.
2. Different structures of common car intercoolers
Car intercoolers are usually found in vehicles with turbocharged engines, and they are also one of the necessary supporting parts. Its function is to reduce the temperature of the supercharged air to reduce the heat load of the engine and increase the oxygen content of the intake air, thereby increasing the output power of the engine. And whether it is a supercharged or turbocharged engine, a suitable intercooler needs to be installed between the supercharger and the intake manifold.
To put it simply, the intercooler is a high-efficiency radiator whose main function is to reduce the temperature of the supercharged high-temperature air before it enters the engine. Generally speaking, the intercooler is located in front of the cooling water tank, which is convenient for its direct contact with outside air with relatively low temperature. At the same time, the flow of outside air can increase the heat dissipation efficiency when the vehicle is running. Car intercoolers are usually made of lightweight aluminum alloy materials, which are basically the same as the material and structure of automobile cooling water tanks. According to different cooling media, they can be divided into air-cooled and water-cooled types. According to the layout position, it can be divided into two types: front and top.
